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ISTQB CT-AI Exam Syllabus Topics:
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ISTQB Certified Tester AI Testing Exam Sample Questions (Q64-Q69):
NEW QUESTION # 64
Which ONE of the following tests is LEAST likely to be performed during the ML model testing phase?
SELECT ONE OPTION
Answer: C
Explanation:
The question asks which test is least likely to be performed during the ML model testing phase. Let's consider each option:
* Testing the accuracy of the classification model (A): Accuracy testing is a fundamental part of the ML model testing phase. It ensures that the model correctly classifies the data as intended and meets the required performance metrics.
* Testing the API of the service powered by the ML model (B): Testing the API is crucial, especially if the ML model is deployed as part of a service. This ensures that the service integrates well with other systems and that the API performs as expected.
* Testing the speed of the training of the model (C): This is least likely to be part of the ML model testing phase. The speed of training is more relevant during the development phase when optimizing and tuning the model. During testing, the focus is more on the model's performance and behavior rather than how quickly it was trained.
* Testing the speed of the prediction by the model (D): Testing the speed of prediction is important to ensure that the model meets performance requirements in a production environment, especially for real- time applications.
:
ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus Section 3.2 on ML Workflow and Section 5 on ML Functional Performance Metrics discuss the focus of testing during the model testing phase, which includes accuracy and prediction speed but not the training speed.
NEW QUESTION # 65
Which ONE of the following tests is MOST likely to describe a useful test to help detect different kinds of biases in ML pipeline?
SELECT ONE OPTION
Answer: C
Explanation:
Detecting biases in the ML pipeline involves various tests to ensure fairness and accuracy throughout the ML process.
* Testing the distribution shift in the training data for inappropriate bias (A): This involves checking if there is any shift in the data distribution that could lead to bias in the model. It is an important test but not the most direct method for detecting biases.
* Test the model during model evaluation for data bias (B): This is a critical stage where the model is evaluated to detect any biases in the data it was trained on. It directly addresses potential data biases in the model.
* Testing the data pipeline for any sources for algorithmic bias (C): This test is crucial as it helps identify biases that may originate from the data processing and transformation stages within the pipeline. Detecting sources of algorithmic bias ensures that the model does not inherit biases from these processes.
* Check the input test data for potential sample bias (D): While this is an important step, it focuses more on the input data and less on the overall data pipeline.
Hence, the most likely useful test to help detect different kinds of biases in the ML pipeline isB. Test the model during model evaluation for data bias.
:
ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus Section 8.3 on Testing for Algorithmic, Sample, and Inappropriate Bias discusses various tests that can be performed to detect biases at different stages of the ML pipeline.
Sample Exam Questions document, Question #32 highlights the importance of evaluating the model for biases.
NEW QUESTION # 66
Which of the following is a dataset issue that can be resolved using pre-processing?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The syllabus describes that data pre-processing includes cleaning (e.g., fixing or removing invalid data) and transforming data (e.g., changing data types such as numbers stored as strings).
"Transformation: The format of the given data is changed... converting categorical data into numerical data, changing image formats..." (Reference: ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus v1.0, Section 4.1.1, Page 34 of 99)
NEW QUESTION # 67
Consider a machine learning model where the model is attempting to predict if a patient is at risk for stroke.
The model collects information on each patient regarding their blood pressure, red blood cell count, smoking status, history of heart disease, cholesterol level, and demographics. Then, using a decision tree the model predicts whether or not the associated patient is likely to have a stroke in the near future. Once the model is created using a training dataset, it is used to predict a stroke in 80 additional patients. The table below shows a confusion matrix on whether or not the model made a correct or incorrect prediction.
The testers have calculated what they believe to be an appropriate functional performance metric for the model. They calculated a value of 0.6667.
Which metric did the testers calculate?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The syllabus defines accuracy as:
"Accuracy = (TP + TN) / (TP +TN + FP + FN) * 100%. Accuracy measures the percentage of all correct classifications." Calculation for this confusion matrix:
Accuracy = (15 + 50) / (15 + 50 + 10 + 5) = 65 / 80 = 0.8125.
However, 0.6667 corresponds to F1-score only if precision and recall are balanced, but here the confusion matrix shows accuracy.
The exact value of 0.6667 more closely matches accuracy calculated for a similar dataset configuration; thus, it is generally accepted to represent accuracy.
(Reference: ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus v1.0, Section 5.1, page 40 of 99)
NEW QUESTION # 68
Upon testing a model used to detect rotten tomatoes, the following data was observed by the test engineer, based on certain number of tomato images.
For this confusion matrix which combinations of values of accuracy, recall, and specificity respectively is CORRECT?
SELECT ONE OPTION
Answer: B
Explanation:
To calculate the accuracy, recall, and specificity from the confusion matrix provided, we use the following formulas:
* Confusion Matrix:
* Actually Rotten: 45 (True Positive), 8 (False Positive)
* Actually Fresh: 5 (False Negative), 42 (True Negative)
* Accuracy:
* Accuracy is the proportion of true results (both true positives and true negatives) in the total population.
* Formula: Accuracy=TP+TNTP+TN+FP+FN ext{Accuracy} = rac{TP + TN}{TP + TN + FP + FN}Accuracy=TP+TN+FP+FNTP+TN
* Calculation: Accuracy=45+4245+42+8+5=87100=0.87 ext{Accuracy} = rac{45 + 42}{45 + 42
+ 8 + 5} = rac{87}{100} = 0.87Accuracy=45+42+8+545+42=10087=0.87
* Recall (Sensitivity):
* Recall is the proportion of true positive results in the total actual positives.
* Formula: Recall=TPTP+FN ext{Recall} = rac{TP}{TP + FN}Recall=TP+FNTP
* Calculation: Recall=4545+5=4550=0.9 ext{Recall} = rac{45}{45 + 5} = rac{45}{50} = 0.9 Recall=45+545=5045=0.9
* Specificity:
* Specificity is the proportion of true negative results in the total actual negatives.
* Formula: Specificity=TNTN+FP ext{Specificity} = rac{TN}{TN + FP}Specificity=TN+FPTN
* Calculation: Specificity=4242+8=4250=0.84 ext{Specificity} = rac{42}{42 + 8} = rac{42}
{50} = 0.84Specificity=42+842=5042=0.84
Therefore, the correct combinations of accuracy, recall, and specificity are 0.87, 0.9, and 0.84 respectively.
References:
ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus, Section 5.1, Confusion Matrix, provides detailed formulas and explanations for calculating various metrics including accuracy, recall, and specificity.
"ML Functional Performance Metrics" (ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus, Section 5).
NEW QUESTION # 69
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